DI/TII (Darul Islam / Army of Islam Indonesia) Movement

Movement Darul Islam / Army of Islam Indonesia

Indonesia is a country rich in history. From the time of the empire, colonization, until the time of freedom that always many rebellions. Perhaps this is including the risks of an independent newstate.

In the early days after independence, Indonesia experienced many conflicts. One of them is Darul Islam Movement / Islamic Army of Indonesia in West Java.

This is the first movement of Islam that wants to transform the Indonesian government into an Islamic government or an Islamic state. Here is a historical story about the Movement Darul Islam / Army of Islam Indonesia...

1. DI/TII Movement in West Java

The idea of ​​establishing the Islamic state of Indonesia has begun to be designed since 1942. At that time, the figure of Darul Islam / Tentata Islam Indonesia that is Kartosuwiryo plans to establish an Islamic state in western Java. Furthermore, during the Japanese occupation period and after the proclamation of independence Kartosuwiryo became a Masyumi member and became the First Secretary of the Masyumi Party. On August 14, 1947, Kartosuwiryo declared holy war against the Dutch and refused the contents of the Renville Agreement. His rejection of the Renville Agreement was manifested in his refusal of the implementation of Hezbollah troops and Sabilillah to remain in West Java.

In a meeting in Cisayong in February 1948 Kartosuwiryo had decided to change the Masyumi party movement of West Java into a state form and freeze the Masyumi party of West Java. Furthermore, through the Majelis Umat Islam, Kartosuwiryo was appointed as the Imam of the Islamic State of Indonesia (NII). In addition, formed armed forces of the Indonesian Islamic Army (TII) placed in mountainous areas around West Java. To quell the DI / TII movement in West Java, the government has made various efforts such as approaching deliberations conducted by M. Natsir.

However, the musyawarah approach did not bring results so the Indonesian government was forced to take firm action by implementing military operations called Operasi Pagar Betis and Operasi Baratyudha to quell the DI / TII movement. Operation Pagar Betis is done by involving the people to surround the hideout of DI / TII gangs. On the otherhand, the Westayudha operation was also carried out by the TNI to attack the power bases of DI / TII gangs. The DI / TII crackdown brought results when on 4 June 1962 Kartosuwiryo was captured on Mount Geber, Majalaya, West Java by Siliwangi troops.

2. DI / TII movement in Kalimantan

Shortly after Kartosuwiryo proclaimed the DI / TII movement of West Java, in South Kalimantan, Ibnu Hajar, a former lieutenant of two TNI proclaimed the establishment of DI / TII South Kalimantan movement which was part ofDI / TII Kartosuwiryo movement in West Java.

In the area of ​​South Kalimantan, Ibnu Hajar along with his troops who were given the name of the People's Empire of the Oppressed, carried out various attacks on TNI posts in the area. Furthermore, because Ibn Hajar did not want to surrender then the government was forced to take decisive action to quell the hordes of Ibn Hajar. In 1959 the band was successfully destroyed and IbnHajar was captured.

3. DI/TII Movement in Central Java

In addition to the area of ​​South Kalimantan, DI / TII rebellion also in otherareas. In Central Java, on 23 August 1949 was proclaimed the establishment of the Islamic State of Indonesia (NII) andthe Indonesian Islamic Army (TII) by AmirFatah in Pangarasan Village, Tegal, Central Java. Amir Fatah was the commander of Laskar Hizbullah in Tulangan area, at the Battle of 10 November 1945, Sidoarjo, Mojokerto in East Java.

After the independence war he left East Java and joined the TNI troop in Tegal. Furthermore, in Tegal he proclaimed the establishment of DI / TII Central Java as part of DI / TII West Java. In order to quell the DI / TII movement in Central Java, the government held Operation Benteng Negara Movement by Diponegoro Division. In its development the DI / TII movement of Central Java was strengthened by the support of troops of Battalion 426 who rebelled and joined the DI / TII movement of Central Java. Akrinya with all the efforts of the TNI is supported by all components of society in the area then in 1957 the movement DI / TII Central Java successfully paralyzed.

4. DI/TII Movement in South Sulawesi

In addition to West Java, Central Java, and South Kalimantan, DI / TII movementalso occurred in South Sulawesi. In the area occurred on August 7, 1953 Kahar Muzakar proclaimed the Indonesian Islamic Army movement as part of the DI / TII Kartosuwiryo movement. The birth of Kahar Muzakar's movement started from the emergence of Kahar Muzakar's disappointment because of his request that the South Sulawesi Guerrilla Command (KGSS) he led was not dissolved, but put into the Hasanuddin Brigade which he would lead rejected by the government.

The government rejected the request on the grounds that many KGSS members did not qualify as members of the TNI. Therefore, the government provides a way out by entering KGSS members into the National Reserve Corps (CCN). However, Kahar Muzakar remained dissatisfied with the government's decision and realized his dissatisfaction by proclaiming the DI / TII movement of South Sulawesi as part of DI / TII Kartosuwiryo West Java movement.

To quell the DI / TII movement in South Sulawesi, the government held a series ofmilitary operations. Finally in a raiding operation on February 3, 1965, Kahar Muzakir was shot dead by TNI officers.

5. DI/TII movement in Aceh

The influence of DI / TII Kartosuwiryo also led to the separatist movement in Aceh. On 20 September 1953 Acehnese named Daud Beureueh proclaimed the establishment of the Islamic State of Aceh as part of the Islamic State of Indonesia Kartosuwiryo. Daud Beureueh was the military governor of the Special Territory of Aceh during the war of independence. When Indonesia returns toa unitary state, the status of Aceh is descended from a privileged region to be a culmination under the Province of North Sumatra.

The government policy was protested by Daud Beureueh that he proclaimed the establishment of the Islamic State of Aceh as part of the Kartosuwiryo Islamic State. Because Daud Beureueh was an influential figure and once joined the military governor of the Special Territory of Aceh, his movement was easy to gain followers. Furthermore, after the declaration of DI / TII Aceh movement was immediately held the movement to control the cities of Aceh and held propaganda efforts aimed to discredit thegovernment of the Republic of Indonesia.

Furthermore, to solve the problem of Daud Beureueh in addition to holding a deliberation of the government also took decisive action in the form of military. The problem solving of DI / TII Aceh movement was conducted on December 17, 1962 with the holding of the Aceh Harmony Congress which was the idea of ​​Commander I Colonel M. Jasin. With the completion of DI / TII Aceh problem, the security situation in Aceh can be restored.

So that's the history of DI / TII Movement (Darul Islam / Army of Islam Indonesia). The story explains that the state will never stand if there is no internal upheaval first. Then love our country, andkeep our country united. May be useful!!

Sumber : Buku Pembelajaran Sejarah Interaktif